This is a simple example of a keyboard shortcuts and commands.
Esc
Enter Normal Mode
i
Enter Insert Mode
v
Enter Visual Mode
:
Enter Command Mode
:e filename
Open a file
:w
Save file
:wq or ZZ
Save and exit
:q!
Exit without saving
:saveas filename
Save file as
:bd
Close file
h
Move left
j
Move down
k
Move up
l
Move right
0
Jump to beginning of line
$
Jump to end of line
w
Move forward one word
b
Move backward one word
gg
Move to start of file
G
Move to end of file
:number
Go to line number
:set number
Show line numbers
:set relativenumber
Show relative line numbers
:set nonumber
Hide line numbers
x
Delete character
dd
Delete current line
yy
Copy (yank) line
p
Paste after cursor
P
Paste before cursor
u
Undo last change
Ctrl + r
Redo last undone change
r
Replace character
R
Replace multiple characters
cw
Change word
cc
Change entire line
/pattern
Search forward
?pattern
Search backward
n
Repeat last search forward
N
Repeat last search backward
:%s/old/new/g
Replace all occurrences in file
:%s/old/new/gc
Replace with confirmation
:tabnew filename
Open a new tab
gt
Switch to next tab
gT
Switch to previous tab
:tabclose
Close current tab
:ls
Show open buffers
:b buffer_number
Switch to buffer
:split filename
Horizontal split with filename
:vsplit filename
Vertical split with filename
Ctrl + w, w
Switch between splits